Manufacture of hog-cholera antitoxin.



' -United States or mi'ectiveness when injected subcutaneously and byimmu- -ucts into the sly March 'MARION DORSET OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT orCOLUMBIA.

MANUFACTURE OF HOG-CHOLERA ANTlTOXlN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 12, 1906.

Application filed February '7. 1906. Serial No. 300,023.

'To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARION DORSET, a citizen and oflieer of the UnitedStates, residing at Washington, in the District of Columbia,have-invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture ofHog-Cholera Antitoxin, of whichthe following is a specification.

Hog-cholera is a highly-fatal contagious disease of swine, acute orsubacute, characterized by a fever and usually by petechial lesions ofany or all of the tissues and organs of the body and by ulcerations ofthe mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as by of the blood ofsick animals nity in those animals which recover. Heretofore methods forthe cure of hog-cholera have been based upon the cultivation ofparticular bacilli and the injection of their prodstem of the animaltobe treated or their a( ministration by the mouth in food or otherwiseThis application is made under the act of 3, 1883, chapter 143, and theinvention herein described and claimed, if patented, may be used by theGovernment of the any of its officers or employees in prosecution ofwork for the Government or by an other person in the United Stateswithout the payment of anyroyalty thereon.

My invention consists in the production of a substance-calledhog-cholera antitoxin, by means of which pigs may be immunized againsthog-cholera and 1pigs suffering from hog-cholera may curer In order toobtain this antitoxin, I proceed by one or both of the followingmethods, designated, respectively, as the quick method and the slowmethod. In the quick method I select a pig free'from hog-cholera whichweighs one hundred (100) pounds, more or less, and which is immune fromany cause. from hog-cholera. I inject this immune test pigsubcutaneously with one thousand cubic centimeters, more or less, ofdefibrinated blood obtained from pigs sick of hog-cholera, the exactamount to be injected depending upon the size of the immune test pig,virulence of the blood, &c. Inasmuch as this pi has received a verylarge dose it should be allowed to remain undisturbed for eighteen ortwenty days or longer, ifi-necessary, when blood-drawings may be madefor drawing and preserving blood from im-' pigs treated by the slowmethod, method the procd-ra'l 'fets' mune test Under the slow variedfrom that described under theg'gqu" method; but the essential featuresar same, being as follows, it being understood that certain munes, areincapable, of contracting hogcholera by the usual processes ofinfection. I select a pig free from hog-cholera weighing one hundred(100) pounds, more or less, and which is immune from hogcholera from anvcause, inject this pig subcutaneously with one hundred cubic centimetersof defibrinated blood from a pig sick of hog-cholera, the dose beinggraduated according to the conditions which may obtain at the time ofthe experiment. At the end of a week or ten days, or when the pig hasrecovered from any reaction that may follow'the injection, administeranother dose of two hundred and fifty cubic centimeters, more or less,of blood obtained from pigs sick of hog-cholera. ery from the second1njectionsay in a Week or ten daysmakeattliird injection, this timeusing five hundred cubic centimeters, more or less, of blood of a pigsick of hog cholera. A week or ten days after the last injection, orwhen the immune test pig has thoroughly recovered, blood may be drawnaccording to the following method:

Method of obtaining and preserving blood drawnfrom treated immunea-Bloodmay be drawn from the pig which has been treated by the methodhereinbefore described, by making an incision into mune and thencollected in sterilized receptacles and defibrinated. Blood may be drawnat intervals of'oneweek securing the blood, if more convenient, vessels.If necessary, the animal may be bled to death by inserting a canula intothe heart. This blood,d e1fibrinated, may be preserved as such or it maybe centrifugalized, and the serum separated from the red-blood cells.Whether the serum or the whole defibrinated blood be employed sufficientcarbolic acid or other suitable preservative should be used to preventdecomposition upon standing. Blood may be drawn at intervals until itpossesses insullicien't protective value. At this point the animalshould be reinjected with diseased blood in a manner similar to thatfirst employed.

Method ofmalcing protective inoculations.-

according to themethod hereinafter described After the antitoiic serumor defibrinated the tail of the imfrom other blood After recov-.pi'otectedand rendered immune from an attack .of hog-cholera. .methodthe blood of pi s sick of hog-cholera iinjected alone entirely withoutbe mixe blood it is capable, either when used alone becoming.cutane'ousl with the antitoxic serum ordeiibninated b ood obtained ashereinbefore deblood'from the treated immune has been prepared in themanner hereinbefore indicated pigs which it is desired to protect shouldbe treated as follows, using .blood or serum from the immune pig treatedby the quick method or the slow method, according to preference. Injectsubcutaneously each of the pigs which are to be protected with ten cubiccentimeters, more or less, of the treated immune blood-or serum, and atthe same time on the other sideof the body of each pi inject one minimum:lethal dose of disease blood ob- :tainedfrom a ig suffering from hocholera. If this maths is carefully follower healthy .pigs treatedvin-this manner will thereafter be As variations of this and blood ofpigs ren ered immune to hogcholera by my method or by other causes, inay together before injection into the pig which it-is desired toprotect, or the blood obtained from treated immune pigs may be the useof blood of pigs sick of hog-cholera. These and man other variations ofthe process may be elnp oyed but in all cases the underlying principleis the samenamely, the injection of .a test pig immune from hog-cholerafrom any cause with bloodof a pig sick of hog-cholera, producing in theblood of that immune test-pig an antitoxin, and when this anti- 1 toxinis drawn from the immune pig and obtained in the form of aserum ordehbrinated or in connection with injections of blood of .pigs sick ofhog-cholera, of protecting pigs from hog-cholera and preventing themfrom infected with the disease. I

The antitoxic serum or defibrinated blood produced as hereinheforedescribed may also e used to treat pigs which are already sick ofhog-cholera byinjecting the sick pigs subscribed withdoses varyingaccording to the .sizeofthe pig treated and thepotency of the particularserum or defibrinated blood.

One l or more injections should be made in the manner hereinbeforedescribed, according to results obtained from the first injection.

What I claim as myinvention is- 1. The process of producing hog-choleraantitoxin, which consists in inoculating pigs immune from hog-cholera,from any cause, with defibrinated blood obtained from pigs sick of hocholera, so as to hyperimrnunize the treate test pig, and to form in theblood protective substances for preventing the-discase known as hocholera, drawing-0d the .blood from the sai treated test-pigs andseparating the serum from the blood corpuscles .and preparingthe formerfor use by'adding a preservative substantiallyas described.

2. The process of producing hogw'holera antitoxin which consists ininoculating pigs immune to hog-cholera from any cause, with defibrinatedblood obtained from pigs sickof hog-cholera so as to hyperimmunize thetreated test pig, and repeating the injection with larger injections ofbloodobtained from pigs sick of hog-cholera, then drawing off the bloodfrom the said treated -test pigs, separating the-serum from theblood-corpuscles and adding a preservative, substantially as described.1 v

3. As a new substance ho -choler-a antitoxin, consisting of the blood ofpigs, rendered immune from he -cholera from any cause, treated withbloorobtained from pigs sick of hog-cholera, and having thecharaeteristics ofimmunizing pigs against infection from hog-cholera and curing thoseartificially infected with hog-cholera, and adapted to be used eitheralone, or in connection with injections of the blood of pigs sick of:hog-cholera to prevent the disease known as hogcholera in healthy pigs,and to cure pig s sick of hog-cholera.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed myname in the presence of two subscribin r witnesses.

MAR ON DORSET.

Witnesses:

A. W. SMrri-I, l'rrs ELGATES;

